3/6/ · Paradoxically, India attained national food self-sufficiency 35 years ago yet about 35% of its population remains food insecure. Low incomes and high food prices prevent individual food security. Another aspect of Indian food security situation is that after over three decades of operation, public distribution system meets less than 10% of consumption of PDS grains– rice 18/1/ · 10 Lines on Food Security in India in English Food is essential to the survival of people. Food Security is the availability of food and one’s access to it. A household is deemed food-secure when its occupants do not live in hunger or fear of starvation. Six million children die of hunger every been many emerging issues in the context of food security in India in the last two decades. These are: (i) economic liberalization in the s and its impact on agriculture and food security; (ii) establishment of WTO: particularly the Agreement on Agriculture (AoA) under it; (iii) challenges of climate change; crisis
Food Security in India Essay for Students of UPSC, PO, PTE, Civil Service
Food Security in India: Definition, Availability of Food Grains and Other Details! Food Security is the ability to assure, on a long term basis, that the system provides the total population access to a timely, reliable and nutritionally adequate supply of food. iv Food security to include cereals, essay on food security in india, pulses, milk and milk products, vegetables and fruits, fish, egg and meat in case of non-vegetarians.
India has now reached a stage where the country is no longer exposed to real famines. All the same there still exist pockets within the country where people have to face acute starvation year after year. During annual net imports of cereals amounted to 4. This figure was Since then there was a decline and after India became an exporter of cereals. However the country has failed to increase the production of pulses consistent with the needs of the growing population.
This is significant since the large number of vegetarians in the country depend on pulses for their protein requirements. Tenth Plan data indicate that consumption of milk and meat products as well as vegetables and fruits has increased as a natural outcome of economic development, essay on food security in india.
Rice is grown mainly in Assam, West Bengal, Bihar, Eastern Uttar Pradesh, Kashmir valley, Eastern Madhya Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Coastal areas of Maharashtra. Rice is now also being grown in the irrigated areas of Punjab and Haryana. Wheat growing areas include Uttar Pradesh, essay on food security in india, Punjab, Haryana, parts of Rajasthan, and Bihar. Wheat production for was estimated at Millets include jowar, bajra and Ragi.
Bajra is a crop of dry and warm regions of Rajasthan. Ragi is a rain fed crop grown in drier parts of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu. Maize is mainly produced in Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, and Bihar, essay on food security in india, Andhra Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh. Pulses are grown both as Rabi and Kharif crops. The Rabi winter season crops are, Masoor and Peas. The Kharif crops sown around April and harvested in September- October include Arhar, Urad and Moong. The major gram producing areas essay on food security in india Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan.
Food grains production touched Twelve famines and four major scarcities occurred during the period of the rule of the East India Company in India The frequency of famines increased after the transfer of power to the Crown. In famine occurred in Bengal and it was a tragedy of unprecedented magnitude. The death toll due to starvations and diseases was around 1. Periods of famines in India have also been the periods of high food, prices and agricultural unemployment.
Famines were caused during the period of British rule due to a variety of reasons. a The import of machine made goods from Britain forced the Indian artisans out of business. This increased the pressure of population dependent on land. The landless labourers were the worst sufferers of famines.
b The new land system created a class of land owners who did not till the land and peasants who worked on lands but had no ownership or even permanent tenancy rights.
The process of agricultural development was retarded since the real peasant had not much left after paying rent and interest to the moneylenders. c Food grains were exported even during the famine years. The peasantry was burdened by high taxation. Wages among the rural population were highly depressed due to unlimited supplies of labour. India suffered two very severe droughts in and Food Aid to India was restricted to a monthly basis by USA under the P.
India had been a severe critic of the US policy of intervention and war in Vietnam. This was not liked by the then President Lyndon Johnson. Otherwise there is the constant pressure of circumstances, there is trouble and misery and sometimes shame and humiliation. The Green Revolution made a significant change in the scene. India achieved self-sufficiency in food grains by the year through the implementation essay on food security in india the seed- water-fertilizer policy adopted by the Government of India.
Food grain production increased four-fold during andfrom 51 million tons to million tones. The country is no longer exposed to real famines.
Total lack of purchasing power however continues to haunt people in some parts of the country. iv Maintaining buffer stocks to counteract any pushing up of prices of food grains during periods of shortages. Well before the harvest time, the government declares a minimum floor price at which the government would buy cereals to essay on food security in india its own buffer stocks, essay on food security in india.
Minimum support prices ensure that the growers do not suffer if the traders form syndicates and force low prices on the farmers for their produce. The main purpose of the Public Distribution System was to act as a price support programme for the consumer in s.
Those were the years of food shortage. The basic items covered were rice, wheat, sugar, edible oil, and kerosene to be sold at subsidized prices.
The coverage was extended to rural areas by some states during the s. Effort was made to cover the tribal blocks with a population around 57 million persons in Central government expenditure on Food Subsidy was 43, crores of Rupees in the year There had been a growing feeling that the non-poor were the beneficiaries of the PDS in large numbers especially in respect of sugar and Kerosene oil.
Under the new system, the non-poor sections have been kept out. However large quantities of Kerosene oil keep on being diverted from the PDS essay on food security in india adulteration in diesel and petrol. The Public Distribution System was very well conceived.
However it has remained very ill manned. PDS has remained an expensive and largely untargeted programme. The very poor are unable to take the benefit of the PDS for a variety of reasons. They do not have a regular income. In most cases the PDS shops are closed by the time the labourer is back home. Supplies are irregular and the workers cannot afford to waste a day waiting for the supply to come and be distributed.
The inspecting officials are friendlier to the dealer than to the very poor consumer for whom the whole system is supposed to work. Wage employment programmes are a much better option for helping the poor sections of the society. Employment Guarantee schemes and the Jawahar Rozgar Yojna create improvements in agricultural labourers wages and even create some assets.
The non-poor are excluded from such programmes since those who can afford to buy food from open market would not come to work under these schemes. It is not that there would be no leakages under wage employment schemes. Cases of fake muster rolls are not unknown. But these can be checked by better surveillance.
Co-operative Marketing societies need to be encouraged to sell food grains to consumers directly. This will eliminate the middlemen and also eliminate profiteering and black marketing. Bigger societies could have their own storage and warehousing facilities. This will go a long way in reduction storage losses. Cooperative marketing has made good progress in Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. The sugarcane marketing societies in Bihar and Uttar Pradesh protect the interests of the members.
Cooperative societies in Maharashtra specialize in the sale of tobacco, fruits and vegetables. Today it is jointly owned by some 2. Information Technology IT has played a significant role in developing the Amul brand.
The logistics behind co-ordination the collection of some 7 million liters of milk per day from 11, separate Village Cooperative Societies throughout Gujarat and then essay on food security in india, processing and producing milk products at the respective 12 District Dairy Unions, are awesome. The installation of Automatic Milk Collection System Units AMCUS at Village Societies to capture member information, milk fat content, the volume collected and amount payable to each member has proved invaluable in ensuring fairness and transparency throughout the whole Amul organisation.
In Amul was one of the first major organisations in India to have a website. This site has been used both to develop an intranet of Amul distributors as well as a cyber-store for consumers, one of the first examples of e-commerce activity in India. One of the members of GCMMF, the Banas dairy, has started a unique initiative called the Internet Sewa Project in their district called Banaskantha.
This is a village-level effort at bridging the Digital Divide by providing information kiosks at the Village Cooperative level. Each village has one information kiosk, which is the single point of contact for Internet and other e-governance activities for the co-op. To address poor connectivity at some sites, the Banas dairy uses a wireless connection to the Internet.
The wireless equipment is cheap since there is only a one-time setup charge and less recurring charges. Today the services are subsidized but the goal is for the kiosks to become self-supporting. Amul is not just a food company. It is an IT company in the food business. This is why Amul has embraced the ideas behind cooperatives with such enthusiasm.
Not only will the TLD enable consumers in India to recognize an established brand they can trust online, it will enable Amul to begin trading competitively throughout the world, reaching markets which have hitherto been inaccessible.
In case of Amul, Information Technology is the most effective tool in communicating with members and the millions of consumers who purchase Amul products throughout India every day. Cooperatives in this way give a vital business advantage with a view to develop the Amul brand throughout the world, essay on food security in india.
Essay for SSC CGL tier 3 # essay for SSC chsl tier 2 : FOOD SECURITY IN INDIA
, time: 3:14Food Security in India: Definition, Availability of Food Grains and Other Details
3/4/ · Food Security in India Essay. In simple language, food security means availability of sufficient food grains to meet the domestic demand as well as access at the individual level, to adequate quantities of food at affordable blogger.comted Reading Time: 2 mins Food security has been a major developmental objective in India since the beginning of planning. India achieved self-sufficiency in food grains in the ’s and has sustained it since then. But the achievement of food grain security at the national level did not percolate down to households and the level of chronic food insecurity is still high 12/1/ · This article addresses the imperative of food security in India in the context of persistent prevalence of malnutrition despite several years of rapid blogger.com by: 56
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